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    KnowledgeGlossaryFineness Modulus
    Aggregates & Materials

    Fineness Modulus

    // Definition

    A single number describing the average particle size of an aggregate, calculated from cumulative percentages retained on standard sieves.

    For fine aggregate, FM typically ranges 2.3-3.1 (Zone IV to Zone I). Higher FM = coarser sand. Used in mix design to balance fine and coarse fractions.

    // Related Indian Standards
    IS 2386
    // Cross-references
    Fine Aggregate

    Aggregate passing the 4.75 mm IS sieve — sand. Fills voids between coarse aggregates and contributes to workability.

    Gradation

    The distribution of particle sizes in an aggregate sample, determined by sieve analysis. Well-graded aggregates pack densely with minimum voids.

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